What is diverticulitis?

Diverticulitishappens when small pouches in your digestive tract, known as diverticula, become inflamed. Diverticula often become inflamed when they get infected.

Diverticula are usually found in your colon, the largest section of your large intestine. They usually aren’t harmful to your digestive system. But when they get inflamed, they can cause pain and其他症状那会破坏你的日常生活。

Read on to find out more about the types of diverticulitis surgery, when you should elect to have this surgery, and more.

Diverticulitis surgery is usually done if your diverticulitis is severe or life-threatening. You can usually manage your diverticulitis by doing the following:

Your doctor may recommend surgery if you have:

  • multiple severe episodes of diverticulitis uncontrolled by medications and lifestyle changes
  • bleeding from your rectum
  • 腹部剧烈疼痛for a few days or more
  • constipation,腹泻, orvomitingthat lasts longer than a few days
  • 结肠的阻塞使您无法通过废物（肠梗阻）
  • a hole in your colon (perforation)
  • signs and symptoms of败血症

The two main types of surgery for diverticulitis are:

  • Bowel resection with primary anastomosis:在此过程中，您的外科医生去除了任何受感染的结肠（称为结肠切除术），并从先前感染区域的任一侧（吻合）缝制两个健康碎片的切割末端。
  • Bowel resection with colostomy:For this procedure, your surgeon performs a colectomy and connects your bowel through an opening in your abdomen (colostomy). This opening is called a stoma. Your surgeon may do a colostomy if there’s too much colon inflammation. Depending upon how well you recover over the next few months, the colostomy may be either temporary or permanent.

Each procedure can be done as open surgery or腹腔镜:

  • 打开：您的外科医生在腹部切下六到八英寸的切口，以打开肠道区域以查看。
  • Laparoscopic:Your surgeon makes only small cuts. The surgery is accomplished by placing small cameras and instruments into your body through small tubes (trocars) that are usually less than one centimeter in size.

与任何手术一样，如果您的话，您的并发症风险可能会增加：

  • are obese
  • 超过60岁
  • have other significant medical conditions such as diabetes or高血压
  • have had diverticulitis surgery or other abdominal surgery before
  • are in overall poor health or not getting enough nutrition
  • are having emergency surgery

A few weeks before your surgery, your doctor may ask you to do the following:

  • Stop taking medications that may thin your blood, such as ibuprofen (Advil) or aspirin.
  • 停止暂时吸烟（或者如果您准备退出）。吸烟会使您的身体在手术后更难愈合。
  • 等待任何现有的流感，发烧或感冒破裂。
  • Replace most of your diet with liquids and take laxatives to empty your bowels.

In the 24 hours before your surgery, you may also need to:

  • Only drink water or other clear liquids, such as broth or juice.
  • Not eat or drink anything for a few hours (up to 12) before the surgery.
  • 服用外科医生在手术前给您的任何药物。

Make sure you take some time off work or other responsibilities for at least two weeks to recover in the hospital and at home. Have someone ready to take you home once you’re released from the hospital.

To perform a bowel resection with primary anastomosis, your surgeon will:

  1. Cut three to five small openings in your abdomen (for laparoscopy) or make a six- to eight-inch opening to view your intestine and other organs (for open surgery).
  2. Insert a laparoscope and other surgical tools through the cuts (for laparoscopy).
  3. Fill your abdominal area with gas to allow more room to do the surgery (for laparoscopy).
  4. Look at your organs to make sure there aren’t any other issues.
  5. Find the affected part of your colon, cut it from the rest of your colon, and take it out.
  6. 将结肠的剩余两个末端缝在一起（主要吻合术）或在腹部打开一个孔，然后将结肠固定在孔上（结肠造口术）。
  7. Sew up your surgical incisions and clean the areas around them.

憩室炎手术的可能并发症包括：

You’ll spend about two to seven days in the hospital after this surgery while your doctors monitor you and make sure you can pass waste again.

Once you go home, do the following to help yourself recover:

  • Don’t exercise, lift anything heavy, or have sex for at least two weeks after you leave the hospital. Depending on your preoperative status and how your surgery went, your doctor may recommend this restriction for longer or shorter periods of time.
  • Have only clear liquids at first. Slowly reintroduce solid foods into your diet as your colon heals or as your doctor instructs you to.
  • 按照你给出任何指示care of a stoma and colostomy bag.

憩室炎手术的前景很好，特别是如果手术是腹腔镜进行的，并且不需要造口。

See your doctor right away if you notice any of the following:

  • bleeding from your closed cuts or in your waste
  • 腹部剧烈疼痛
  • constipation or diarrhea for more than a few days
  • nausea or vomiting
  • fever

You may be able to have a stoma closed a few months after surgery if your colon heals fully. If a large section of your colon was removed or if there’s a high risk of reinfection, you may need to keep a stoma for many years or permanently.

While the cause for diverticulitis is unknown, making healthy lifestyle changes may curb it from developing.Eating a high-fiber diet is one recommended way to help prevent diverticulitis.