糖尿病和你的胰腺

A direct connection exists between the胰腺anddiabetes。胰腺是你胃后腹部深处的器官。这是消化系统的重要组成部分。胰腺产生酶和荷尔蒙，帮助您消化食物。其中一种激素胰岛素是调节葡萄糖所必需的。葡萄糖是指你体内的糖。身体中的每种细胞都需要葡萄糖进行能量。将胰岛素视为锁定到细胞。胰岛素必须打开细胞以使其使用葡萄糖进行能量。

If your pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin or doesn’t make good use of it, glucose builds up in your bloodstream, leaving your cells starved for energy. When glucose builds up in your bloodstream, this is known ashyperglycemia。高血糖症的症状包括口渴，恶心和呼吸急促。

低葡萄糖，称为低血糖，也会导致许多症状，包括动脉，头晕和意识丧失。

Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can quickly become life-threatening.

每种类型的糖尿病涉及胰腺不正常运行。胰腺不起作用的方式取决于类型。无论您拥有什么类型的糖尿病，它都需要持续监测血糖水平，因此您可以采取适当的行动。

Type 1 diabetes

在type 1 diabetes免疫系统错误地攻击在胰腺中产生胰岛素的β细胞。它会导致永久性损害，让您的胰腺无法产生胰岛素。究竟是什么触发了免疫系统，这并不清楚。遗传和环境因素可能发挥作用。

You’re more likely to develop type 1 diabetes if you have a family history of the disease. About 5 percent of people with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. People who have type 1 diabetes usually receive the diagnosis during childhood or early adulthood.

由于确切的原因尚不清楚，因此1型糖尿病是不可预防的。它也不是无法治愈的。有1型糖尿病的人需要胰岛素治疗，因为他们的胰腺根本不起作用。

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetesstarts with insulin resistance. That means your body no longer uses insulin well, so your blood glucose levels can become too high or too low.

It can also mean that your pancreas is still producing insulin, but it’s just not enough to accomplish the job. Most of the time, type 2 diabetes develops due to a combination of insulin deficiency and ineffective use of insulin.

This type of diabetes may also have a genetic or environmental cause. Other things that may contribute to type 2 diabetes include poor diet, a lack of exercise, and obesity.

2型糖尿病的治疗通常包括对您的饮食和运动常规的变化。药物可以帮助您在控制下保持2型糖尿病。一些药物有助于减少血液中的葡萄糖量。其他人刺激胰腺产生更多的胰岛素。There is a long list of medications available to treat both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

在some cases, the pancreas eventually stops producing insulin, so insulin therapy becomes necessary.

前奶奶

If you haveprediabetes，这意味着您的血糖水平在正常范围之外，但不足以让您具有糖尿病。如果你的胰腺正在减缓胰岛素的胰腺或你的身体不使用胰岛素以及应该的胰岛素，那可能会发生这种情况。

您可以通过改变您的饮食，管理重量和定期锻炼来预防或延迟2型糖尿病的发作。

妊娠期糖尿病

妊娠期糖尿病occurs only during pregnancy. Because there are more risks to mother and baby, extra monitoring during pregnancy and delivery is necessary.

妊娠期糖尿病通常在分娩后解决。如果你有妊娠糖尿病，那么你稍后在生活中发展2型糖尿病的风险增加。

在flammation of the pancreas is called胰腺炎。When inflammation comes on suddenly and lasts for a few days, it’s called acute pancreatitis. When it happens over the course of many years, it’s called chronic pancreatitis.

胰腺炎可以成功治疗，但可能需要住院治疗。它可以成为危及生命的。

Chronic inflammation of the pancreas can damage the cells that produce insulin. That can lead to diabetes.

胰腺炎和2型糖尿病患有一些相同的危险因素。观察性研究表明，2型糖尿病的人可能有一个两个 - 三倍增加风险of acute pancreatitis.

其他可能的胰腺炎的原因包括：

  • gallstones
  • 血液中的高甘油三酯水平
  • 血液中的高钙水平
  • 过量的酒精使用

Diabetes can increase your risk of pancreatic cancer if you’ve had diabetes for more than five years.

Diabetes can also be a symptom of pancreatic cancer, especially if you developed type 2 diabetes after age 50.

如果你的糖尿病已经被控制,但你suddenly can’t control your blood sugar, it may be an early sign of pancreatic cancer.

在患有2型糖尿病和胰腺癌的人中，很难知道是否导致另一个。疾病分享了某些风险因素，包括：

  • a poor diet
  • physical inactivity
  • obesity
  • aging

Pancreatic cancer may not cause symptoms in the early stages. People who have it usually receive the diagnosis when it’s in an advanced stage. It begins with mutations of pancreatic cells. While the cause of pancreatic cancer can’t always be determined, contributing factors may include genetics and smoking.

患有糖尿病并不意味着您将掌握胰腺的其他问题。同样，被诊断患有胰腺炎或胰腺癌并不意味着你会开发糖尿病。

因为您的胰腺对于您身体中胰岛素的管理很重要，因为您可能希望与您的医生讨论联系。您还可以合并生活方式改变以降低糖尿病或胰腺炎的风险。这些可能包括以下内容：

  • 保持健康，均衡的饮食。
  • 减少你的简单碳水化合物的摄入量。
  • If you drink alcohol, reduce your intake.
  • 经常锻炼。
  • 与医生谈论保持健康体重的最佳方式。
  • If you have diabetes, follow your doctor’s prescribed treatment plan.