Why are gum grafts performed?
如果您的牙龈退缩，您的牙医可能会建议使用牙龈组织移植物。牙龈衰退暴露了牙齿的根源。这会导致牙齿的根部表面变得更有可能腐烂，并且更敏感和容易磨损。
A gum graft, also known as a gingival graft, can correctreceding gums。您的牙医可能会将您转介给牙周手，口香糖专家，以进行此简单的外科手术。
In a gum graft, your periodontist first removes a piece of tissue from the roof of your mouth or from nearby healthy gum tissue. They next attach it to the area where your gums have worn away. This procedure is relatively quick, and you can leave as soon as it’s done.
Keep reading to learn how to prepare, what happens during the procedure, and tips for recovery.
There are three types of gum grafts:
- free gingival graft
- 结缔组织移植物
- 椎弓根（侧）移植
牙周主义者将与您讨论这些选择，并根据您的个人需求提出建议。
决定完成程序后，您不必在前一天或过程中快速更换饮食。您要做的就是出现。您的牙周医生将确认移植物的类型。
但是，您确实需要安排往返约会。您将获得疼痛和不适的药物，这可能使您不安全行驶，因此您需要与朋友一起骑车或使用汽车服务。
预约后，您将被护送到程序室。局部麻醉将用于麻木该过程的区域。
In rare cases, your periodontist may allow you to have general anesthesia so that you can be unconscious during the procedure. This usually isn’t recommended because of the risks that go along with general anesthesia.
根据您的个人需求，您的牙周医生将执行以下一项：
免费牙龈移植：Your periodontist removes a small piece of tissue from the roof of your mouth and suture (stitch) it to the area that needs gum tissue. You’ll likely get this type of graft if your gums are thin and need extra tissue to prevent further recession.
Connective tissue graft:您的牙周医生在嘴巴的屋顶上打开一个小襟翼，并从组织顶层下方去除一块结缔组织。他们将这种组织缝合到需要牙龈组织的区域。这是最常见的移植类型。
椎弓根移植物：Your periodontist creates a flap of tissue from an area right next to your gum recession and uses the flap to cover the area of receding gum tissue. In this procedure, gum tissue is moved over the recession with local tissue rather than being taken from another part of your mouth. This type of graft is usually the most successful because it doesn’t cut off blood flow in any part of your mouth. For this to work, you need plenty of gum tissue in the areas around your gum recession.
The procedure usually doesn’t take long. Once your periodontist has finished suturing up the graft, they’ll likely have you wash your mouth out with antibacterial mouthwash.
They’ll also discuss how to care for the graft until it’s completely healed.
Gum grafts can cost anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand dollars. If you’re insured, this procedure may be covered in full or at little out-of-pocket cost to you. You may be able to have the procedure done for free if you have dental insurance as part of an Affordable Care Act plan.
手术完成后不久，您将可以回家。您的牙周病医生可能会让您等待一两个小时，如果他们想观察您以确保移植物没有任何问题。
在恢复的第一或两周内，尝试吃软食物，以确保您不会损坏移植物。您不应吃可能会燃烧或刺激移植物的硬食或热食。
好恢复期的食物包括:
- 鸡蛋，尤其是炒或煮的鸡蛋
- 酸奶
- 煮熟直到柔软的蔬菜
- 干酪
- 冰淇淋
- 明胶，例如果冻
您的牙周病医生可能会建议您使用抗菌漱口水几周，以防止感染，牙齿上的斑块堆积或移植物问题。
直到您的医生说这是安全的，您不应该在该区域刷或牙线。在该区域愈合之前刷牙或牙线可以打开伤口或引起感染。
如果您要处理任何疼痛或不适，请进行非处方止痛药，例如naproxen(Aleve), may provide relief.
直到您的医生说可以做可以做到的，请勿锻炼或进行任何艰苦的活动。
Complications of a gum graft are rare. Infections are uncommon. But see your doctor right away if you notice any oozing or unexpected bleeding around the graft site.
在极少数情况下，移植组织可能无法正确适合移植物位点。如果发生这种情况，您可能需要再次执行该过程。
您可能不喜欢移植物完全治愈的方式。如果是这样，请与您的牙周病医生谈论牙龈成形术（牙龈组织的重塑）。他们可能能够修改组织，使其看起来更令人愉悦。
You should be fully healed from a gum graft in one to two weeks. You’ll need to schedule a follow-up appointment with your periodontist a week or so after the procedure so that they can make sure you’re healing properly and the graft is successful.
After about two weeks, you should be able to brush and floss again. Full healing of the area of the graft may take a month or more depending on your overall health and how well you take care of your mouth during recovery.