概述

脑脊液(CSF)是保护和缓冲您的大脑和脊髓的液体。

寡克隆带是一种称为免疫球蛋白的蛋白质。CSF的寡克隆乐队屏幕在您的CSF中寻找这些乐队。他们的存在表明由于感染或其他疾病引起的中枢神经系统发炎。如果您的血液中不存在类似的乐队,则可能有多发性硬化症(MS)。

该测试也称为CSF寡克隆带或CSF免疫固定。

Doctors can use this screen to help them diagnose MS. They can also use it to diagnose other inflammatory conditions and neurological diseases.

A normal result is no bands or just one band. The presence of multiple bands indicates that something is wrong. This is particularly true if they don’t find similar bands in your blood.

如果您的医生认为您可能有MS,通常会订购此测试。根据Mayo Medical Laboratories,该屏幕在70%至80%的MS患者中为正。

阳性测试也可能表明您有:

  • Neurosyphilis
  • 脑炎
  • 脑膜炎
  • 莱姆病

Your doctor will need to know if you:

  • are taking any blood thinners
  • 有背部或脊柱问题的病史
  • have any neurological illnesses or conditions
  • have an infection or rash on your back

与往常一样,请提供医生有关您服用哪些药物的完整信息。确保包括处方和非处方药。

如果您的工作很艰苦并且可能涉及您的背部,请告诉您的医生。您可能需要安排休假的一天。您应该期望在测试后至少休息一个小时。

该测试涉及在医院或诊所进行的腰椎穿刺或脊柱水龙头。以下步骤发生在木材穿刺期间:

  1. You’ll need to change into a hospital gown with the back open. This gown gives the person conducting the test easy access to your spine.
  2. 他们会要求您转向自己的身边并露出背部。您也可以坐起来弯腰。
  3. The person conducting the test will clean your back with antiseptic.
  4. 接下来,他们将应用局部麻醉剂。片刻后,它将开始工作。麻醉剂将减轻或消除针头插入的疼痛。
  5. They’ll ask you to hold still, and they’ll insert a hollow needle into your lower spine.
  6. They’ll withdraw a small amount of CSF.
  7. 然后,他们将取下针。
  8. The person conducting the test will clean and cover the puncture.
  9. 他们将把CSF发送到实验室进行分析。

You can expect to rest for an hour or two after your test. Your doctor may suggest you take a mild pain reliever.

Lumbar puncture is widely used and considered safe. However, medical risks exist, including:

  • 流入脊柱
  • 对麻醉的过敏反应
  • an infection
  • damage to the spinal cord if you move
  • brain herniation if a brain mass is present

在测试后不久,人们通常会感到不适。

有些人在腰椎穿刺后头痛。这应该在24小时内消失。让您的医生知道是否没有。

您的测试结果应在几天内准备好。您的医生将阅读它们并讨论下一步。

没有寡克隆带或一个条带的存在是正常的。多个乐队的存在是疾病的指标。在这种情况下,需要进一步的测试来确定任何疾病的原因。