COPD：我有风险吗？
根据疾病控制和预防（CDC）的中心，慢性呼吸道疾病，主要是慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD），是美国死亡的第三个主要原因。这种疾病杀了
COPD缓慢发展，通常随着时间的推移而恶化。在早期阶段，具有COPD的人可能不会经历任何症状。预防和治疗可有助于防止严重的肺部损伤，呼吸问题，甚至心力衰竭。
The first step is to recognize your personal risk factors for developing this disease.
COPD的主要风险因素是吸烟。根据美国肺协会（ALA），它导致高达90％的COPD死亡。吸烟的人
Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke is dangerous. The longer you smoke and the more packs you smoke, the greater your risk is of developing the disease. Pipe smokers and cigar smokers are also at risk.
暴露于二手烟也会增加您的风险。二手烟包括烟雾的烟雾和吸烟呼出的烟雾。
Smoking is the principal risk factor for COPD, but it isn’t the only one. Indoor and outdoor pollutants can cause the condition when exposure is intense or prolonged. Indoor air pollution includes particulate matter from the smoke of solid fuel used for cooking and heating. Examples include poorly ventilated wood stoves, burning biomass or coal, or cooking with fire.
Exposure to environmental pollution is another risk factor. Indoor air quality plays a role in the progression of COPD in developing countries. But urban air pollution like traffic and combustion-related pollution poses a greater health risk worldwide.
长期暴露于工业粉尘，化学品和气体可以刺激和涌入气道和肺部。这提高了你开发COPD的风险。暴露于灰尘和化学蒸气的人，如煤矿矿工，谷物处理员和金属制造商，具有更大的发展COPD可能性。一
In rare cases, genetic factors cause people who have never smoked or had long-term particulate exposure to develop COPD. The genetic disorder results in a lack of the protein alpha 1 (α1） -antitrypsin (AAT).
估计
copis most common in people at least 40 years of age who have a history of smoking. Incidence increases with age. There is nothing you can do about your age, but you can take steps to stay healthy. If you have risk factors for COPD, it’s important to discuss them with your doctor.
如果您在45岁以上，请与您的医生讨论COPD，让家庭成员与疾病，或者是当前或前吸烟者。COPD的早期检测是成功治疗的关键。尽快退出吸烟也是必不可少的。