Your blood cholesterol level can help indicate whether you’re at risk for heart attack, stroke, or other types of cardiovascular disease.

你计算总胆固醇增加following numbers:

您的胆固醇比通过将总胆固醇除以HDL编号来计算。

For instance, if your total cholesterol is 180 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood and your HDL is 82 mg/dL, your cholesterol ratio is 2.2.

根据StatPearls, you should try to keep your cholesterol ratio below 5, with the ideal cholesterol ratio being 3.5. That said, the ideal cholesterol ratios for men and women may differ.

成人的理想总胆固醇水平是 200 mg/dl或更少 。

Women typically have higher levels of HDL than men. The ideal HDL level is at least 40 mg/dL in men and at least 50 mg/dL in women. This means that men and women may want to aim for cholesterol ratios of 5 and 4, respectively.

一个 2019 study 查看胆固醇比与acute myocardial infarction (AMI)in Swedish women in their 50s. AMI is another term for heart attack. Data was collected between 1995 and 2000.

研究人员发现，胆固醇比率为3.5或以下的女性的AMI风险最低。与胆固醇比为3.5或以下的女性相比：

  • 胆固醇比为3.5至4.0的女性体验AMI的可能性高14％
  • women with a cholesterol ratio of 4.0 to 5.0 were 46 percent more likely to experience AMI
  • women with a cholesterol ratio of 5.0 or above were 89 percent more likely to experience AMI

HDL, or good cholesterol, carries about 25 to 33 percent 在您体内循环回到肝脏的免费胆固醇。之后，肝脏将LDL从体内移出，这有助于防止其堵塞动脉。

On the other hand, LDL, or bad cholesterol, transports cholesterol to your arteries. It can lead to a buildup of plaque in the arteries, resulting in poor blood flow and a condition known as动脉粥样硬化。

Cholesterol, even the bad kind, still has its benefits. Your body needs cholesterol for many important functions, such as producing bile acids or hormones such as estrogen and testosterone. However, your liver naturally产生足够的胆固醇您不必担心通过饮食来获得它。

最佳HDL级别为over男人40 mg/dlover根据德国的说法，女性为50 mg/dl Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care 。

一个n optimal LDL level is在下面100 mg / dL,根据 疾病控制与预防中心（CDC） 。

Mathematically speaking, you can improve your cholesterol ratio by either降低您的总胆固醇水平orincreasing your HDL level。Here are a few tips for improving your cholesterol ratio.

Eat more soluble fiber

Eating more fiber is good for your overall cardiovascular health.可溶性纤维特别是可以帮助降低血液胆固醇水平研究。Get more soluble fiber in your diet by choosing食物like:

少吃不健康的足总ts

避免或限制包含的食物反式脂肪或某些饱和脂肪, like the kind found inprocessed foods。它们与较高水平的总胆固醇和LDL以及HDL的较低水平有关。

Exercise

Exercise, andaerobic exercise特别是，可能有助于提高您的HDL水平 研究 。Incorporate some of the following aerobic activities intoyour regular workout routine：

Quit smoking

根据研究，吸烟可能increase your LDL and total cholesterol levelsand 降低您的HDL水平 。If you currently smoke, get help to quit.

Consider statins

These medications lower levels of LDL and total cholesterol in your body. They may also help boost your HDL levels.

Examples ofstatinsinclude:

根据the 一个merican Heart Association (AHA) , adults who may benefit from statins include people:

  • with a history of cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis
  • with an LDL level of 70-189 mg/dL and a 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease — caused by atherosclerosis — that exceeds 5 percent
  • with an LDL level over 190 mg/dL
  • 谁有diabetesand are 40-75岁

与医生谈谈他汀类药物是否适合您。

Taking these medications is usually a lifelong commitment.Safely discontinuing their use要求您与医生紧密合作。

您的胆固醇比阐明了您的风险heart disease。

一个2020 studylooked at the effect of different cholesterol measurements on people’s risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The researchers found that people with a higher cholesterol ratio despite low LDL ornon-HDL水平仍处于动脉粥样硬化心血管疾病的风险增加。

与胆固醇比较低，LDL或非HDL水平较低的人相比，胆固醇比和低LDL或非HDL水平的患者患动脉粥样硬化心血管疾病的风险也更大。

这表明，在评估心血管风险时，临床医生应优先考虑仅比LDL和非HDL胆固醇水平的胆固醇比。

但是，如果您的风险很高，那么仅此比率就不足以评估哪种治疗方法是最好的。在确定饮食，运动和药物的正确组合时，医生仍会考虑您的总胆固醇，以使您的数字进入理想的范围。