What Is a CA-125 Blood Test?

癌症抗原125(CA-125)是在卵巢癌细胞中发现的蛋白质。CA-125血液测试测量了血液中癌症抗原125的量。该蛋白质由细胞产生,可​​以在血液中发现。

A CA-125 blood test may be used to monitor ovarian cancer during and after treatment. In some cases, it might be used to check for early signs of ovarian cancer in women who are at a high risk for the disease. However, a CA-125 blood test isn’t accurate enough to screen for ovarian cancer in all women because many different conditions can cause abnormal CA-125 levels.

经常下令进行CA-125血液检查以监测卵巢癌的进展。在某人接受卵巢癌治疗之前,测量基线CA-125水平。在治疗过程中和之后的CA-125水平下降通常表明治疗已经成功。治疗后CA-125水平的增加可能表示疾病的复发。

治疗卵巢癌后,使用CA-125血液检查已有数年来确保该疾病得到成功治疗。在癌症治疗完成后的头两年中,通常每两到四个月订购一次。在此期间,该测试每六个月订购三年,然后每年一次。

一些医生可能会向患有卵巢癌的家族史的女性推荐CA-125血液检查。但是,该测试通常不用于筛查患有这种疾病的平均风险的女性中的卵巢癌。有许多疾病和疾病会导致CA-125级别升高,例如:

  • 怀孕
  • 正常月经
  • endometrial and fallopian tube cancers
  • noncancerous growths in the uterus, such as uterine fibroids
  • 子宫内膜异位症,这是子宫细胞在身体其他区域生长的条件,例如卵巢和膀胱
  • pelvic inflammatory disease, which is a disorder in which the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries become infected
  • 胰腺癌

A CA-125 blood test involves taking a small sample of blood, typically from a vein in the arm. The following will occur:

  • First, a healthcare provider will clean and disinfect the area with an antiseptic.
  • Then, they’ll wrap an elastic band around your upper arm so your veins swell with blood.
  • 一旦找到静脉,他们就会将针轻轻地插入静脉中。他们会将血液收集到针对针上的小管中。
  • 抽血后,他们将取下针并覆盖穿刺部位以阻止任何出血。
  • The blood sample will then be sent to a laboratory for analysis.
  • 一旦实验室取得结果,您的医生将安排约会与您讨论。

CA-125血液测试是一种低风险手术。该测试的风险对于所有血液检查都是常见的,包括:

  • difficulty obtaining a blood sample, which results in multiple needle sticks
  • 穿刺现场出血过多
  • fainting due to blood loss
  • 穿刺现场感染

CA-125 blood test results can vary depending on the laboratory that performed the analysis. In most instances, however, CA-125 levels are considered elevated if they are above 35 units per milliliter.

高水平的CA-125不一定确认存在卵巢癌或任何其他类型的癌症。由于另一种健康状况,例如

  • uterine fibroids
  • 子宫内膜异位症
  • pelvic inflammatory disease
  • 怀孕
  • menstruation

某些癌症药物和手术也会改变CA-125水平。您应该与医生讨论您的具体结果,以确定是否需要进行其他测试。

当使用CA-125血液检查来监测卵巢癌治疗的有效性时,高水平的CA-125通常表明癌症对治疗没有反应。如果发生这种情况,您可能需要进行替代治疗以应对疾病。治疗过程中CA-125水平的下降表明癌症对治疗有反应。

一些卵巢癌的妇女的基线水平正常为CA-125,这意味着她们的肿瘤不会产生CA-125蛋白质。如果发生这种情况,CA-125血液检查将无法帮助您的医生监测卵巢癌的进展。