骨扫描是一种成像测试，用于帮助诊断骨骼问题。它可以安全地使用少量的放射性药物，称为放射性药物。它也被称为“染料”，但不会弄脏组织。
Specifically, a bone scan is done to reveal problems with bone metabolism. Bone metabolism refers to the process in which bones break down and rebuild themselves. New bone formation is part of the healing process when bones are injured or broken. A bone scan is a good way to view and document abnormal metabolic activity in the bones.
A bone scan can also be used to determine whether cancer has spread to the bones from another area of the body, such as the prostate or breast.
在骨扫描过程中，将放射性物质注入了骨头所吸收的静脉。然后，您将被监控几个小时。物质中使用了很少的辐射，几乎所有辐射都在两三天内从您的体内释放。
如果您的医生认为您的骨头有问题，您的医生可能会点骨扫描。骨骼扫描还可以帮助找到您所经历的任何无法解释的骨痛的原因。
骨扫描可能会揭示与以下条件相关的骨骼问题：
- arthritis
- 血管坏死（当骨组织因缺乏血液供应而死亡时）
- 骨癌
- 从身体其他部位传播到骨头的癌症
- 纤维发育不良（这种疾病会导致异常疤痕的组织生长而不是正常骨骼）
- 断裂
- 涉及骨骼的感染
- Paget的骨骼疾病（这种疾病会导致骨骼虚弱，变形）
A bone scan carries no greater risk than conventionalX射线。骨扫描中使用的放射性物质中的示踪剂几乎没有辐射暴露。对示踪剂有过敏反应的风险很低。
However, the test may be unsafe for pregnant or breastfeeding women. There is a risk of injury to the fetus and of contaminating breast milk. Make sure to tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding.
骨扫描不需要特殊准备。在扫描之前，您的医生会要求您用金属（包括车身穿孔）脱下珠宝。
实际的筛选程序大约需要一个小时。如果您认为自己会在这段时间静止不动的问题，您的医生可能会给您一个温和的镇静剂，以帮助您放松。
The procedure begins with an injection of radioactive substance in your vein. The substance is then allowed to work its way through your body for the next two to four hours. Depending on the reason for the bone scan, your doctor may begin imaging immediately.
As the substance spreads through your body, the bone’s cells naturally gravitate to areas that need repair. The substance’s radioactive tracers follow these cells and collect in spots where bone is damaged. It’s taken up in regions that have a high blood flow.
After enough time has passed, your doctor will use a special camera to scan the bones. The damaged areas — where the substance has settled — appear as dark spots on the image.
如果第一轮没有结论，您的医生可能会重复注射和成像过程。他们还可以订购单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）。这类似于骨扫描，除了成像过程创建了骨骼的3-D图像。如果您的医生需要深入了解您的骨头，则需要SPECT。如果原始图像在某些区域不清楚，他们也可能会使用它。
Test results are considered normal when the radioactive substance is spread evenly throughout the body. This means that you likely don’t have a major bone problem.
结果are considered abnormal when the scan shows darker “hot spots” or lighter “cold spots” in the bones. Hot spots describe places where an excess of radioactive substance has collected. Cold spots, on the other hand, are areas where it didn’t collect at all. Abnormal results can indicate that you have a bone disorder, such as cancer or arthritis or infection in the bone.
A bone scan doesn’t cause any side effects or complications. Most of the radioactive tracer is eliminated from your body within 24 hours. Small amounts may remain for as long as three days.
尽管该测试可以帮助识别骨骼代谢中的问题，但并不一定会揭示其原因。骨扫描告诉有问题和位置。这是一个非特异性测试。如果骨扫描显示异常，则可能需要进行更多测试。您的医生将解释您的选择，并帮助您完成整个过程。