低剂量避孕药适合您吗？

How birth control pills work

雌激素和孕激素信号您的身体产生卵并为怀孕做准备。

If a sperm doesn’t fertilize the egg, the levels of these hormones fall steeply. In response, your子宫sheds the lining that had built up. This lining is shed during your时期。

避孕药含有合成雌激素和合成孕酮的组合或单独的合成孕酮。这种人造版的孕酮也被称为孕激素。

雌激素和孕激素以不同的方式进行预防妊娠。两者都在努力防止垂体从产生触发激素ovulation。

孕激素也使您的cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to reach any released eggs. Progestin thins the uterine lining as well. This makes it harder for an egg to implant there if the sperm fertilizes it.

Low-dose combination birth control pills

结合避孕药含有雌激素和孕激素。当正确服用时，避孕药组合是99.7％有效预防unwanted pregnancy。对于典型的用途，例如缺少几剂，失败率大约 7％ 。

Commonbrands低剂量避孕药包括：

• APRI（desogestel和乙酰雌二醇）
• Aviane (levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol)
• Levlen 21（左旋癌和乙酰雌二醇）
• Levora（左旋肺马果和乙酰雌二醇）
• Lo Loestrin Fe (norethindrone acetate and ethinyl estradiol)
• Lo/Ovral (norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol)
• Ortho-novum（北丁香酮和乙酰雌二醇）
• Yasmin（促螺旋酮和乙醇雌二醇）
• Yaz（促螺旋酮和乙醇雌二醇）

Lo Loestrin Fe实际上被认为是一种超低剂量药，因为它仅包含10 mcg of estrogen。

低剂量组合避孕药的影响

服用低剂量组合药有很多好处：

• 您的周期可能更常规。
• 您的周期可能是lighter。
• 您所拥有的任何月经痉挛都可能不那么严重。
• 你可能不会遇到严重的经前综合症（PMS）。
• 您可能会增加保护pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)。
• 您可能有降低的风险卵巢囊肿,ovarian cancer， 和子宫内膜癌。

There are some disadvantages of taking a low-dose combination pill, though. These may include:

• an increased risk ofheart attack
• 中风的风险增加
• an increased risk of blood clots
• 减少milk production，这就是为什么医生如果您不推荐这种药的原因哺乳

Otherside effects可能包括：

• nausea
• 呕吐
• 头痛
• 温柔的乳房
• weight change
• 沮丧
• anxiety

Low-dose progestin-only birth control pills

The progestin-only pill is often called a “minipill.” This type of birth control is also99.7％有效正确采用时。典型的故障率是 7％ 。

If you miss a dose or don’t take the minipill at the same time each day, your chance of becoming pregnant is greater than it would be if you used low-dose combination pills. When minipills aren’t taken correctly, their effectiveness becomes even lower.

Although minipills can produce side effects, particularly bleeding or spotting between periods, the side effects often improve or disappear after a few months. The minipills can also shorten the length of your period.

低剂量孕激素唯一的避孕药的常见品牌包括：

• Camila
• Errin
• 希瑟
• 乔利维特
• micronor
• Nora-Be

These pills contain a form of progesterone called norethindrone.

Effects of low-dose minipills

Progestin-only pills may be a good option if you have risk factors that prevent you from taking estrogen, such as抽烟或心脏病史。

低剂量孕激素的药丸还有其他优势：

• You can take them if you’re breastfeeding.
• They reduce your risk of endometrial cancer or PID.
• You may have fewer periods.
• 您可能会遇到更少的抽筋。

The disadvantages of low-dose progestin-only pills can include:

• 在时期之间发现
• 时期s that are more irregular

其他副作用包括：

• bloating
• weight gain
• sore breasts
• 头痛s
• 沮丧
• 卵巢囊肿

Pain, the pill, and sex

A学习纽约大学兰蒙医学中心的近1,000名妇女发现，服用低剂量避孕药的女性更有可能体验pain and discomfort during sex比服用标准避孕药的妇女。

要考虑的风险因素

You shouldn’t take any combination birth control pills if you:

• 怀孕了
• are over 35 and smoke
• 有心脏病，中风或血凝块的病史
• 目前有或有历史breast cancer
• 有migraineswith aura
• 有高血压，即使它由药物

带走

如果您每天同时服用避孕药，那么低剂量或仅孕激素的避孕药可能适合您。

Most doctors recommend progestin-only pills if you’re breastfeeding. The minipill is often used in this case because it contains only progestin.

If you aren’t as diligent about taking your pills at the same time every day, you may find that alternative options such as thecontraceptive implant,injection, or宫内设备are a better option.

Talk with your doctor about your health history and your birth control goals. Together, you can selectthe best birth control optionfor you.