An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small, T-shaped device made of plastic that’s placed inside your uterus to prevent pregnancy.
They provide long lasting, reliable protection against pregnancy, and they’rereversible。There are two概要的类型: hormonal and non-hormonal.
非常有效的！他们是
This means that less than 1 out of every 100 people using an IUD will become pregnant in a year.
Each type of IUD works a bit differently, but with the same outcome: to make it difficult for sperm to reach an egg.
ParaGard is wrapped in copper coil. The copper ions released into your uterus create an environment that’s inhospitable to sperm. Basically, the copper leaves sperm powerless, so it can’t fertilize an egg and get you pregnant.
荷尔蒙IUD含有激素孕激素，其类似于黄体酮，在你体内的天然存在的激素。每个品牌包含不同数量的激素，影响它们持续多久。
激素用几种方式可以防止怀孕。它沉淀宫颈粘液以阻止精子进入子宫并抑制精子运动，使其更难以达到和施肥卵。它还介于子宫衬里，所以鸡蛋不太可能附着（implant）到子宫。
An IUD is inserted by a healthcare professional. The appointment should only take a half hour or so, with the actual insertion taking no more than a minute or two.
在程序可以帮助之前，拍摄过度计数器（OTC）疼痛保证人pain但是insertion process对每个人感觉不一样。
你觉得多少不适取决于因素，如：
- your individual pain tolerance
- 你的颈部管道的长度
- 你以前曾经送了一个阴道婴儿
Many find the insertion process more uncomfortable than painful, and they describe feeling a quick pinching sensation during insertion.
Other people experience moderate to severe abdominal pain, cramping, and pressure during the procedure. In some cases, you might break into a sweat, feel nauseous, or get lightheaded.
这些副作用should subside within a few hours or the next day.
If you’re concerned about pain or feeling anxious, talk with your clinician. They can usually prescribe medication in advance, such as pain relievers, an anti-anxiety medication, or a medication to soften your cervix. Local anesthetic or nitrous oxide (aka laughing gas) can also be used during the procedure to take the edge off.
这取决于你得到的渗透的类型。
ParaGard can prevent pregnancy as soon as it’s in place. Hormonal IUDs are only effective immediately if inserted during the first 7 days of yourperiod。
无论如何，插入后的第一个月使用备份避孕方法是一个好主意。用一个障碍方法可能有助于降低插入后感染的风险。
在IUD插入后的前几个小时到几天内，痉挛和壁炉很常见。通过使用加热垫，或洗热浴室，您可能会从疼痛的止痛药中取得一些缓解。
Spotting也是常见的，应该停止3到6个月。Keeping panty liners on hand or wearingperiod underwearcan help avoid any messes.
IUDs are safe for most, but having certain conditions can increase the likelihood of side effects and complications.
IUD不推荐用于人员：
Also, ParaGard isn’t recommended if you:
- are allergic to copper
- 有一种血液紊乱，可防止血液凝固
- have威尔逊的疾病
荷尔蒙特不应该被那些人使用的人使用breast cancer。
Other possible risks include:
- 感染。There’s a small risk of infection after insertion. The risk is highest (though still very low) in the first20天，然后它显着下降。
- Expulsion.There’s a slight chance that your IUD could shiftoutof place. Using a月经杯,岁以下of 20, and never having been pregnant can increase the risk of expulsion.
- Perforation.There’s a very low risk of perforation during insertion. We’re talking a1 to 2 in 1,000chance.
You can have your IUD taken out anytime — just make an appointment with a doctor or other healthcare professional.
Your IUD will protect against pregnancy for as long as you have it in, so long as you don’t keep it in beyond its expiration date.
到期日期因品牌而异：
艾德如何被删除？
IUD removalis usually a quick and simple process. Your clinician will use forceps to gently pull the IUD’s strings, which causes the “arms” to collapse upward so the IUD slides out.
If needed, your clinician has special instruments that can be used to get it out. Surgery is used in the rare event that it can’t be removed.
You can!IUD替代在与删除相同的约会中完成。去除旧的一个和插入新的一个通常需要约5到10分钟。
Just like with the initial insertion appointment, you can ask your clinician to prescribe medication in advance to help with discomfort and anxiety.
IUD removal and replacement isn’t — at least anecdotally — considered as painful as when you first get an IUD.
许多人获得IUD的人不会经历任何严重的并发症。副作用大多是可管理的，因为你的身体习惯于艾德时，他们就会离开。尽管如此，知道要注意的标志是个好主意。
Consult your doctor or other healthcare professional if:
- IUD字符串的感觉比以前更短或长
- the IUD感觉就像它一样转移or is coming out
- 你的胃或下腹部有严重的疼痛和痉挛
- 你有heavier-than-usualvaginal bleeding
- 渗透性变得痛苦
- 你在性活动期间或之后出血
- 你有a change in the appearance or amount of your阴道分配
- 你发烧，寒意或呼吸困难
- 你认为你可能是pregnant
- 你有sex without a barrierwith someone who has an STI
Adrienne Santos-Longhurst is a Canada-based freelance writer and author who has written extensively on all things health and lifestyle for more than a decade. When she’s not holed-up in her writing shed researching an article or off interviewing health professionals, she can be found frolicking around her beach town with husband and dogs in tow or splashing about the lake trying to master the stand-up paddle board.