Beriberi is a disease caused by a vitamin B1 deficiency, also known as thiamine deficiency. It often occurs in developing countries among people with a diet that consists mostly of white rice or highly refined carbohydrates.
疾病有两种类型：
- 湿脚蹼
- dry beriberi
Wet beriberi affects the heart and circulatory system. In extreme cases, wet beriberi can causeheart failure。
Dry beriberi damages the nerves and can lead to decreased muscle strength and eventually肌麻痹。如果没有对待，伯铁可以是生命的危险。
如果您可以访问富含硫胺素的食品，您的开发北友的机会很低。今天，在美国，Beriberi主要发生在人们身上酒精使用障碍and may also occur as a complication of weight loss surgery.
Beriberi from other causes is rare in the United States. Still, the disease can be seen in:
- women who have extreme nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum的）
- 有艾滋病的人
- 丧失肥胖手术之后的人
The symptoms of beriberi vary depending on the type.
Wet beriberi symptoms include:
干脚蹼症状包括：
- decreased muscle function，特别是在两个小腿中
- tingling or loss of feeling in the feet and hands on both sides
- 疼痛
- 心理混乱
- difficulty speaking
- vomiting
- 不自主的眼睛运动
- 麻痹
在极端情况下，Beriberi与Wernicke-Korsakoff综合症。Wernicke脑病和Korsakoff综合征是硫胺素缺乏引起的两种形式的脑损伤。
Wernicke脑病损害大脑的地区称为丘脑和下丘脑。这种情况可能导致：
- 困惑
- memory loss
- loss of muscle coordination
- 快速眼球运动等视觉问题double vision
Korsakoff综合征是对Memories形式的大脑区域永久性损坏的结果。它可能导致：
- loss of memory
- 无法形成新的记忆
- 幻觉
Beriberi的主要原因是硫胺素中的饮食。这种疾病在具有维生素的食物的地区非常罕见，例如某些早餐谷物和面包。
Beriberi is most common in regions of the world where the diet includes unenriched, processed white rice, which only has a
Other factors may cause thiamine deficiency, as well. These include:
- alcohol misuse，这可以使您的身体难以吸收和储存硫胺素
- genetic beriberi, a rare condition that prevents the body from absorbing thiamine
- hyperthyroidism(overactive thyroid gland)
- 极端的孕期恶心和呕吐
- 减肥手术
- 艾滋病
- prolonged diarrhea or use ofdiuretics（让您排尿的药物更多）
- 正在接受肾透析
- malnutrition
- diabetes
Breastfeeding mothers need daily thiamine in their diet. Infants drinking breast milk or formula low in thiamine are at risk for thiamine deficiency.
Thiamine deficiency is also more common in cancer patients. Restrictive diets, eating disorders, and inflammatory bowel disease can also cause thiamine deficiency.
You will need a series of medical tests to determine whether you have beriberi. Blood and urine tests will measure the levels of thiamine in your body.
Doctors will also perform a neurological exam to look for lack of coordination,difficulty walking那下垂眼睑那and weak reflexes. People with later stages of beriberi will show memory loss, confusion, or delusions.
A physical exam will alert your doctor to any heart problems. Rapid heartbeat, swelling of the lower legs, and difficulty breathing are all symptoms of beriberi.
Beriberi很容易用硫胺素补充剂治疗。你的医生可以开一个硫胺素射击或丸。对于严重案件，医疗保健专业人员将施用静脉内硫胺素。
您的进度将通过随访血液测试监测，以了解您的身体如何吸收维生素。
为了防止脚友，吃营养密集，平衡的饮食，包括富含硫胺素的食物。这些包括：
烹饪或加工上面列出的任何食物都会降低其硫胺素内容。
If you give your infant formula, you should also check that it contains enough thiamine.
Always be sure to purchase infant formula from a reliable source.
限制饮酒消耗有助于减少开发河谷的风险。任何酒精使用障碍的人都应该有常规医疗预约，以检查B1维生素缺乏。
If beriberi is diagnosed and treated early, the outlook is good. Nerve and heart damage from beriberi is usually reversible when it’s caught in the early stages. Recovery is often quick once you begin treatment.
If beriberi progresses to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, the outlook is poor. While treatment can manage symptoms of Wernicke encephalopathy, brain damage from Korsakoff syndrome is often permanent.
保持健康促销，均衡的饮食对您的健康很重要。如果您认为您显示硫胺素缺乏的迹象，或者如果您需要有关如何获得所需的营养素的建议，请与您的医生交谈。
