Yes. It’s important that people of all ages receive vaccination and regular booster shots for whooping cough.
百日咳（百日咳）是严重细菌感染的结果。它可以通过咳嗽或打喷嚏轻松地从人到人传播，并且可能导致严重的呼吸系统问题。
It’s essential to prevent its transmission through vaccination.
Whooping cough is most commonly observed in babies and young kids. It causes coughing spells that make it hard for them to eat, drink, or breathe regularly. Coughing spells can sometimes last so long that babies may turn blue because they can’t catch their breath.
Adults and teens are also at risk of infection. They typically have a runny nose, low-grade fever, and a cough that’s often worse at night. The condition can persist for weeks or months.
Symptoms may vary with age, but infection almost always involves a cough. People sometimes make a “whoop” sound as they struggle to take deep breaths after coughing, which is why it’s known as “whooping cough.”
But it’s important to note that not everyone who has whooping cough makes the “whoop” sound.
确定您是否有咳嗽的唯一方法是去看医疗保健提供者。
有两种类型的疫苗可用于百日咳。事实证明，两者都可以有效预防疾病。
The vaccines contain an inactivated form of the bacterial toxin, which allows us to form antibodies and build an immunity. This means that if we’re exposed to the bacteria, we’re very unlikely to get sick.
The DTaP vaccine is recommended for children under age 7.
The Tdap vaccine is recommended for:
- children ages 7 and older
- adolescents
- 成人，包括怀孕期间
Both vaccines protect against three diseases:
- diphtheria
- tetanus
- pertussis
破伤风白喉百日咳混合疫苗包含一个低浓度的白喉and pertussis toxoids than DTaP. Both vaccines have similar possible side effects, which are generally mild and go away on their own.
The
如果您从未接受过DTAP或TDAP疫苗，则应尽快接种疫苗。未接种疫苗的成年人应接受一剂TDAP疫苗。紧随其后的是每10年一次TDAP射击。
孕妇在每次怀孕的三个月中应接受一剂TDAP。
It’s vital that people ages 65 and older get vaccinated, especially if they’ve never received a dose of Tdap.
Currently, Boostrix is the only Tdap vaccine the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved for people who are age 65 and older.
However, healthcare providers may decide to offer vaccination with the Tdap vaccine that they have available.
People of all ages are at risk of getting whooping cough. Babies who are too young to be vaccinated are most at risk for severe illness. It can be life threatening.
在青少年和年轻人中，百日咳症状通常不那么严重。
But you shouldn’t wait to get a Tdap vaccine, especially if you’re in close contact with:
- babies younger than 12 months
- healthcare workers
- pregnant women
对于老年人, the risk of hospitalization increases with age, and it’s highest if you’re over age 65.
2019年学习found that whooping cough is probably underreported in older people and that people over age 60 may be at greater risk of hospitalization and death than younger adults.
防止从幼儿疫苗开始的咳嗽咳嗽可能会消失。这使成年人和青少年处于感染的风险。这就是为什么重要的是要接受加强疫苗以确保继续免受感染的免疫力。
Adults often have much milder symptoms of whooping cough. But it’s often the older siblings, parents, and grandparents who transmit whooping cough to babies. It can have lethal consequences.
重要的是要遵循疾病预防控制中心的推荐疫苗时间表，以确保对百日咳的最佳保护。
Children should receive 5 consecutive doses of the DTaP vaccine at:
- 2 months
- 4个月
- 6个月
- 15至18个月
- 4 to 6 years old
从未接种过疫苗的成年人应立即接种一剂TDAP疫苗。所有成年人都应每10年进行一次TDAP射击。
Unfortunately, whooping cough is still very common, and the prevalence is growing in developing countries. It’s very contagious and is easily transmitted. Whooping cough is difficult to identify and treat because it can be confused with the common cold.
For these reasons, it’s critical for people of all ages to maintain immunity by getting vaccinated.
Yes. Getting sick and recovering from whooping cough doesn’t provide lifelong protection. That means you can still get whooping cough and transmit it to others, including babies.
The vaccine significantly reduces your risk of acquiring or transmitting the infection.
在您的健康和福祉方面，积极主动总是很重要。不要等待医生的提醒。
It’s a good idea to ask your healthcare provider if you’re up-to-date on your vaccinations at every visit.
If you don’t have a primary care doctor, Tdap and other recommended vaccines are offered by many doctors, pharmacies, health centers, health departments, and travel clinics.
您可以使用美国卫生与公共服务部的在线vaccine finderto locate a nearby provider.
DTAP和TDAP疫苗在防止白喉，破伤风和百日咳方面非常安全有效。但是所有药物和疫苗都可以产生副作用。
Fortunately, the most common side effects of these vaccines are usually mild and go away on their own. They can include:
- soreness or swelling where the shot was given
- 发烧
- fatigue
- crankiness
- loss of appetite
Severe allergic reactions are rare but can be life threatening. Always consult your healthcare provider if you’re concerned you’re having a reaction.
You shouldn’t get the vaccine if you’ve had a coma or long repeated seizures within 7 days after a dose of DTaP or Tdap.
The
- have seizures or another nervous system problem
- have ever had Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)
- 一剂百日咳疫苗后，患有严重的疼痛或肿胀。
- had an allergic reaction to the whooping cough vaccine or any severe allergies in the past
重要的是要保留记录，如果您过去曾经有过严重的过敏反应，并告诉医疗保健提供者给您疫苗。
Keep in mind, severe reactions are rare.
The whooping cough vaccine is a safe and effective way to prevent infection. Babies are at greatest risk of severe illness and death from this bacterial infection.
But a prolonged cough can have significant consequences for adolescents and adults. It may result in:
- substantial time lost from work or school
- social isolation
- sleep deprivation
- anxiety
您年龄越大，您就越有可能住院。哮喘和烟草使用增加了感染的严重程度。
许多因百日咳住院的青少年和成年人患有哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺部疾病（COPD）。这些疾病的恶化通常是住院的原因。
Dr. Raj Dasgupta is a faculty member at the University of Southern California. He’s quadruple board-certified in internal medicine, pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine. He’s the assistant program director of the Internal Medicine Residency Program and the associate program director of the Sleep Medicine Fellowship. Dr. Dasgupta is an active clinical researcher and has been teaching around the world for more than 18 years. His first book is part of a series called “Medicine Morning Report: Beyond the Pearls.” Learn more on hiswebsite.