Treating ADHD
在美国，
Doctors often prescribe刺激药物to people with ADHD. Two common choices areadderalland Ritalin. These drugs can help people concentrate and focus on tasks better. They also reduce impulsive behavior, which is another hallmark of ADHD.
adderalland利他林以类似的方式处理多动症。它们也具有相同的副作用。但是，它们具有重要的差异。我们将解释两种药物的基础知识。
Both Adderall and Ritalin are中枢神经系统（CNS）兴奋剂。它们通过增加CNS连接中神经递质去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺的可用性来起作用。这加快了您的大脑活动。
利他林works sooner and reaches peak performance more quickly than Adderall does. However, Adderall stays active in your body longer than Ritalin does. Adderall works for four to six hours. Ritalin is only active for two to three hours. This doesn’t necessarily mean that Adderall is a better choice, though. Some people prefer the shorter-acting Ritalin because they can better control the timing of side effects, such as loss of appetite andtrouble sleeping。
Adderall和Ritalin是品牌药物，也可以作为通用药物使用。通用形式的成本往往低于品牌版本。
通常，Adderall和Ritalin的成本大致相同。您支付的毒品金额取决于您的健康保险计划。一些健康保险计划仅涵盖毒品的通用版本。如果不确定，可以致电保险提供商以了解计划的细节。
adderalland Ritalin are usually available at most pharmacies. However, these drugs can have shortages, so they may not be available at all times. Call your pharmacy ahead of time to find out if your medication is available.
由于两种药物都以相同的方式起作用，因此这些药物会引起相似的副作用。
Adderall和Ritalin的常见副作用包括：
- trouble sleeping
- 食欲不振
- dry mouth
- anxiety
- increased heart rate
- irritability
- headache
- 头晕
Serious side effects shared by both medications can include:
- addiction
- heart rhythm problems
- psychosis, which may cause you to see things that aren’t real or to feel like bugs are crawling on your skin
- 雷诺综合症
- slowed growth in children
These two medications can cause effects in people with certain medical conditions. People with certain health issues may need to avoid taking these drugs. The chart below lists medical conditions you should discuss with your doctor before taking Adderall or Ritalin.
两种药物都是怀孕类药物。This means animal studies of the drugs have shown side effects on the fetus. But, there haven’t been enough studies done in humans for results to be conclusive.
adderallcan pass into breast milk, which means the drug may pass to your child when you breastfeed them.一些研究表明利他林也可以通过母亲到孩子breast milk。These drugs may cause side effects in your child. Talk to your doctor if you take Adderall or Ritalin. For your child’s safety, you may need to decide whether to stop breastfeeding or stop taking your medication.
Adderall和Ritalin都与某些其他药物相互作用。确保您告诉医生您服用的所有处方和非处方药，补充剂和草药。这样，您的医生可以注意毒品互动。
The chart below lists examples of drugs that may interact with Adderall or Ritalin.
根据对跨40年的研究的评论，刺激性药物有效治疗