每周至少工作两个夜班的孕妇可能会增加流产的风险，尽管流产的机会仍然相对较小。
Researchers in Denmark came to that conclusion after studying data of almost 23,000 pregnant women to see how evening work impacted the chance of a miscarriage between the 4th and 22nd weeks of pregnancy.
The researchers found that among women more than eight weeks pregnant, those who worked two or more night shifts in the past week had a 32 percent greater risk of miscarriage than pregnant women who didn’t work the so-called swing shift.
风险随着每周工作的夜班数量以及连续的夜班数量而增加。
“夜间工作的妇女在夜间暴露于光线，这破坏了她们的昼夜节律并减少了褪黑激素的释放。褪黑激素已被证明在维持成功的怀孕方面很重要，可能通过保留胎盘的功能。雷竞技app官网Healthline。
However, the researchers said pregnant women shouldn’t be alarmed by their findings.
“工作夜班似乎带来了自发流产的风险增加 - 但幅度并不令人震惊。在夜班的100名妇女中，您会比仅在工作日期工作的妇女中额外的案例，即妊娠第八周后的五个而不是四次自发堕胎的范围。
根据
晚上工作会破坏人体的昼夜节律，这有助于调节怀孕的荷尔蒙。
Dr. Shannon Clark, an associate professor in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, said the amount of sleep needed during pregnancy varies.
“Women do require more sleep during pregnancy, particularly in the first and third trimester,” she told Healthline. “Fatigue is more evident in these trimesters when compared to the second trimester, when many women experience more energy. As to exactly how many hours a day is needed, it varies from woman to woman based on her baseline needs when not pregnant.”
In theDanish study在第三周和第21周之间进行夜班的10,047名妇女中，有740名流产。
这项研究还发现，在怀孕的第4周至第22周之间工作26次或更多的夜班的女性与不工作夜晚的人相比，这是流行的两倍，尽管这仅基于八名被研究的女性的经验。
尽管该研究表明夜班和流产之间存在关联，但这并不是因果关系的证明，专家警告说，如果孕妇工作夜班，则不应感到震惊。
“I am currently not convinced that there is any significant harm to pregnant mothers who work night shifts. I base this opinion on my personal clinical experiences and on my review of past and current literature that has focused on pregnancy outcomes in mothers who work night shifts.”Dr. Marc Parrish, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Kansas Medical Center, told Healthline.
他说：“我从文献中夺走的是，报道的内容有很多不一致的矛盾，一些研究暗示了伤害，而另一些研究则没有。”
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Dr. Sheri Belafsky, director of the Medical Surveillance Program in the Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Public Health Sciences at the University of California Davis, says further research following the Danish study would be beneficial.
“I was definitely surprised by these results and hope follow-up studies will help pinpoint what exactly it is about night shift work that may increase the risk of miscarriage. This study population was comprised of nurses and physicians, and I’m curious about the type of work they were specifically doing at night,” she told Healthline.
The Danish research is the latest in a line of many studies examining night shift work in women of reproductive age.
这些都不是随机对照试验，因此不能明确地确定。
Molenberg Begtrup notes it’s unethical to do randomized intervention studies that examine negative impacts of exposures on pregnancies.
For some women, working night shifts while pregnant may be the only option. Clark, who’s also a spokesperson for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, says there are a number of ways these women can ensure they remain healthy during pregnancy.
“我建议她尽可能地保持常规的睡眠方式，不要交替的一日游和夜班，保持健康的体重，进行常规的产科探访，并确保任何既有医疗状况（如糖尿病或高血压）在怀孕之前是最佳控制的。”她说。
她补充说：“总体而言，工作固定的夜班时间表，而不是交替的夜班时间表可能会减轻身体的压力，尤其是在怀孕期间。”